Examples
This page provides practical examples of using the Behaverse Dataset Schema to document cognitive science datasets.
Minimal Example
A minimal dataset description with only required fields:
{
"@context": "https://behaverse.org/schemas/dataset/context.jsonld",
"name": "simple-stroop",
"description": "Basic Stroop task dataset with 20 participants",
"license": "CC-BY-4.0"
}
Basic fMRI Dataset
A typical neuroimaging dataset with essential metadata:
{
"@context": "https://behaverse.org/schemas/dataset/context.jsonld",
"name": "stroop-task-fmri",
"pretty_name": "Stroop Task fMRI Dataset",
"description": "fMRI data from 30 participants performing a classic Stroop color-word interference task. Participants viewed color words displayed in either matching or mismatching ink colors and indicated the ink color via button press.",
"version": "1.0.0",
"license": "CC-BY-4.0",
"doi": "10.5555/example.stroop",
"url": "https://example.org/datasets/stroop-fmri",
"keywords": ["fMRI", "Stroop", "executive function", "attention", "cognitive control"],
"date_published": "2024-03-15",
"date_added": "2025-01-15",
"sample_size": 30,
"age_range": [18, 35],
"age_mean": 24.5,
"sex_distribution": {
"female": 15,
"male": 15
},
"constructs_measured": ["executive_function", "attention", "response_inhibition"],
"measurement_technique": [
{
"type": "neuroimaging",
"technique": "fMRI",
"field_strength": 3.0,
"tr": 2000,
"te": 30
}
],
"activity": [
{
"name": "Stroop Task",
"type": "task",
"trials": 120,
"duration": 6,
"conditions": ["congruent", "incongruent", "neutral"]
}
],
"data_formats": ["NIfTI", "TSV", "JSON"],
"download_url": "https://example.org/downloads/stroop-fmri.zip"
}
Comprehensive Multimodal Dataset
A detailed example showing rich metadata for a complex multimodal study:
{
"@context": "https://behaverse.org/schemas/dataset/context.jsonld",
"name": "multimodal-cognitive-battery",
"pretty_name": "Multimodal Cognitive Battery Dataset",
"description": "A comprehensive dataset combining EEG, eye tracking, and behavioral measures from 120 participants completing a battery of six cognitive tasks assessing attention, memory, and executive function. Data was collected in three sessions over two weeks.",
"version": "2.1.0",
"license": "CC-BY-4.0",
"doi": "10.5555/example.multimodal",
"url": "https://example.org/datasets/multimodal-battery",
"keywords": [
"EEG",
"eye tracking",
"cognitive battery",
"attention",
"working memory",
"executive function",
"multimodal"
],
"language": ["en"],
"date_created": "2023-01-10",
"date_published": "2024-06-01",
"date_modified": "2024-11-15",
"date_added": "2025-01-20",
"creator": [
{
"name": "Dr. Jane Smith",
"email": "[email protected]",
"orcid": "0000-0001-2345-6789",
"affiliation": "Department of Psychology, Example University"
},
{
"name": "Dr. John Doe",
"email": "[email protected]",
"orcid": "0000-0002-3456-7890",
"affiliation": "Department of Neuroscience, Example University"
}
],
"curator": [
{
"name": "Dr. Jane Smith",
"email": "[email protected]",
"orcid": "0000-0001-2345-6789",
"affiliation": "Department of Psychology, Example University"
}
],
"citation": [
{
"type": "article",
"doi": "10.5555/example.paper1",
"text": "Smith, J., & Doe, J. (2024). A multimodal investigation of cognitive control. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 36(5), 789-812.",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.5555/example.paper1"
},
{
"type": "preprint",
"doi": "10.5555/example.preprint",
"text": "Smith, J., et al. (2024). Dataset descriptor: Multimodal Cognitive Battery. bioRxiv.",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.5555/example.preprint"
}
],
"sample_size": 120,
"age_range": [18, 65],
"age_mean": 32.4,
"age_std": 12.8,
"sex_distribution": {
"female": 65,
"male": 52,
"non_binary": 3
},
"age_category": ["adult", "young-adult", "middle-aged", "older-adult"],
"population_category": ["healthy", "neurotypical"],
"inclusion_criteria": [
"Age 18-65 years",
"Native English speaker or fluent (self-reported)",
"Normal or corrected-to-normal vision",
"No current psychiatric medication",
"Able to complete 3 sessions over 2 weeks"
],
"exclusion_criteria": [
"History of neurological disorder",
"Current diagnosis of psychiatric disorder",
"Substance abuse in past 6 months",
"Uncorrected vision impairment"
],
"spatial_coverage": "Seattle, Washington, United States",
"temporal_coverage": "2023-03 to 2023-12",
"constructs_measured": [
"attention",
"working_memory",
"executive_function",
"processing_speed",
"inhibitory_control",
"cognitive_flexibility"
],
"measurement_technique": [
{
"type": "neurophysiology",
"technique": "EEG",
"channels": 64,
"sampling_rate": 1000,
"manufacturer": "BioSemi ActiveTwo",
"details": "International 10-20 system, impedances <5kΩ"
},
{
"type": "eye_tracking",
"technique": "eye_tracking",
"sampling_rate": 1000,
"manufacturer": "EyeLink 1000 Plus",
"details": "Binocular recording, desktop mount, 9-point calibration"
},
{
"type": "behavior",
"technique": "behavior",
"response_type": ["button-press", "verbal"],
"details": "Response pad for manual tasks, microphone for verbal tasks"
}
],
"activity": [
{
"name": "Flanker Task",
"type": "task",
"measurements": ["EEG", "eye_tracking", "behavior"],
"trials": 200,
"duration": 8,
"conditions": ["congruent", "incongruent"],
"measures": ["ERP", "reaction_time", "accuracy", "fixations"],
"constructs": ["attention", "inhibitory_control"]
},
{
"name": "N-Back Task",
"type": "task",
"measurements": ["EEG", "behavior"],
"trials": 150,
"duration": 10,
"conditions": ["1-back", "2-back", "3-back"],
"measures": ["ERP", "reaction_time", "accuracy", "d-prime"],
"constructs": ["working_memory", "executive_function"]
},
{
"name": "Visual Search",
"type": "task",
"measurements": ["EEG", "eye_tracking", "behavior"],
"trials": 120,
"duration": 12,
"conditions": ["set_size_4", "set_size_8", "set_size_12"],
"measures": ["ERP", "search_time", "accuracy", "scanpath", "fixations"],
"constructs": ["attention", "processing_speed"]
},
{
"name": "Stroop Task",
"type": "task",
"measurements": ["EEG", "behavior"],
"trials": 180,
"duration": 7,
"conditions": ["congruent", "incongruent", "neutral"],
"measures": ["ERP", "reaction_time", "accuracy"],
"constructs": ["executive_function", "inhibitory_control"]
},
{
"name": "Trail Making Test",
"type": "task",
"measurements": ["eye_tracking", "behavior"],
"duration": 5,
"conditions": ["part_A", "part_B"],
"measures": ["completion_time", "errors", "scanpath"],
"constructs": ["cognitive_flexibility", "processing_speed"]
},
{
"name": "Digit Span",
"type": "task",
"measurements": ["behavior"],
"duration": 10,
"conditions": ["forward", "backward"],
"measures": ["span_length", "accuracy"],
"constructs": ["working_memory"]
}
],
"study_design_type": "cross-sectional",
"session_count": 3,
"session_description": "Session 1: Demographics, consent, Flanker, N-Back. Session 2: Visual Search, Stroop, Trail Making. Session 3: Digit Span, questionnaires, debriefing.",
"data_formats": ["EDF", "BDF", "CSV", "TSV", "JSON"],
"data_size_gb": 45.7,
"data_structure": "BIDS-compatible organization with raw EEG, preprocessed eye tracking, behavioral data in TSV, and metadata in JSON",
"download_url": "https://example.org/downloads/multimodal-battery.tar.gz",
"ethical_approval": {
"obtained": true,
"institution": "Example University IRB",
"protocol": "IRB-2022-12345"
},
"access_conditions": {
"is_free": true,
"requirements": "Data use agreement required, no commercial use"
},
"task_categories": ["attention", "working-memory", "cognitive-control"],
"size_category": "10K<n<100K"
}
Longitudinal Study
An example showing how to document a longitudinal dataset:
{
"@context": "https://behaverse.org/schemas/dataset/context.jsonld",
"name": "cognitive-aging-longitudinal",
"pretty_name": "Cognitive Aging Longitudinal Study",
"description": "A 5-year longitudinal study tracking cognitive function in older adults, with annual assessments of memory, attention, and executive function. Includes 200 participants aged 60-80 at baseline.",
"version": "1.0.0",
"license": "CC-BY-NC-4.0",
"doi": "10.5555/example.aging",
"sample_size": 200,
"age_range": [60, 80],
"age_mean": 68.5,
"age_category": ["older-adult"],
"population_category": ["healthy"],
"temporal_coverage": "2018-01 to 2023-12",
"constructs_measured": [
"episodic_memory",
"working_memory",
"processing_speed",
"executive_function"
],
"study_design_type": "longitudinal",
"session_count": 5,
"session_description": "Annual assessments over 5 years, each including cognitive battery, health questionnaires, and lifestyle measures",
"activity": [
{
"name": "Cognitive Battery",
"type": "task",
"measurements": ["behavior"],
"duration": 90,
"measures": ["accuracy", "reaction_time", "standard_scores"],
"constructs": ["episodic_memory", "working_memory", "processing_speed", "executive_function"]
}
],
"data_formats": ["CSV", "JSON"],
"download_url": "https://example.org/downloads/aging-study.zip"
}
Clinical Population Dataset
An example documenting a clinical population study:
{
"@context": "https://behaverse.org/schemas/dataset/context.jsonld",
"name": "adhd-cognitive-profile",
"pretty_name": "ADHD Cognitive Profile Dataset",
"description": "Cognitive assessment data from 80 adults diagnosed with ADHD and 80 matched controls, including attention tasks, executive function measures, and questionnaires.",
"version": "1.0.0",
"license": "CC-BY-NC-SA-4.0",
"doi": "10.5555/example.adhd",
"sample_size": 160,
"age_range": [18, 50],
"sex_distribution": {
"female": 80,
"male": 78,
"prefer_not_to_say": 2
},
"age_category": ["adult"],
"population_category": ["clinical", "ADHD", "healthy_control"],
"inclusion_criteria": [
"ADHD group: DSM-5 diagnosis of ADHD confirmed by clinical interview",
"Control group: No history of ADHD or other psychiatric disorders",
"Age 18-50 years",
"IQ > 85"
],
"exclusion_criteria": [
"Comorbid major psychiatric disorder (except anxiety/depression for ADHD group)",
"Neurological disorder",
"Substance dependence"
],
"constructs_measured": [
"sustained_attention",
"selective_attention",
"inhibitory_control",
"working_memory",
"cognitive_flexibility"
],
"activity": [
{
"name": "Continuous Performance Test",
"type": "task",
"measurements": ["behavior"],
"trials": 300,
"duration": 15,
"measures": ["hit_rate", "false_alarms", "reaction_time", "reaction_time_variability"],
"constructs": ["sustained_attention", "inhibitory_control"]
},
{
"name": "ADHD Rating Scale",
"type": "questionnaire",
"measurements": ["self_report"],
"duration": 10,
"measures": ["total_score", "inattention_subscale", "hyperactivity_subscale"],
"constructs": ["ADHD_symptoms"]
}
],
"ethical_approval": {
"obtained": true,
"institution": "Clinical Research IRB",
"protocol": "IRB-CLIN-2023-456"
},
"data_formats": ["CSV", "JSON"],
"size_category": "100<n<1K"
}